Tuberculosis (TB)

TB is a leading cause of death throughout the world and children under the age of three are the most susceptible. TB causes various conditions. Pulmonary TB is an infection of the lungs, which in children is usually not progressive and not contagious. Babies are more susceptible to a more generalized form of TB (Miliary TB) which spreads through the lymph system to infect the bones and joints, the digestive tract, kidneys and liver. Glandular TB causes inflammation of a lymph gland (e.g. in the armpit or neck). TB meningitis is a severe illness causing fever, vomiting, lethargy, headache, convulsions and coma.
Although there are many antibiotics available for the treatment of TB, many have reduced effect because of resistance to them. Where treatment is effective and completed fully, almost 100% of cases recover fully. However, without effective treatment, almost 100% of those with Miliary TB and TB meningitis die. Even with proper treatment, only 2/3 of patients with TB meningitis survive and many have permanent brain damage.

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